Industry 4.0—also called the Fourth Industrial Revolution or 4IR—is the next phase in the digitization of the manufacturing sector, driven by disruptive trends including the rise of data and connectivity, analytics, human-machine interaction, and improvements in robotics. Digital transformation describes the process of integrating technology throughout and across an industrial organization to fundamentally change the way it operates internally and presents its products or services externally. Industry 4.0 is a related concept, initiated in Germany as Industrie 4.0, that is associated with smart manufacturing and the fourth industrial revolution.